Mainstream economists have attributed the recession to several key causes: deregulation policies, spike in interest rates, manufacturing orders declining, and the emergence of asset bubbles. The report card stated that the student often talked in class, bullied other students, and rarely finished his homework.Ī list that follows a colon should always have parallel elements. The report card stated that the student often talked in class, that he bullied other students, and that he rarely finished his homework. The report card stated that the student often talked in class, that he bullied other students, and rarely finished his homework. Parallelism is also applicable to a series of clauses in a sentence. Her main duties were answering phone calls, filing records, and conducting visitor surveys. Her main duties were answering phone calls, filing records, and to conduct visitor surveys. Do not mix phrases based on an infinitive with phrases based on -ing verbs. Initial trials showed that exposure to the chemical caused memory problems, intermittent dizziness, and insomnia.Īs with a series of verbs, a series of verb phrases should use parallel forms. Initial trials showed that exposure to the chemical caused memory problems, intermittent dizziness, and deters sleep. Parallel structure should be used to balance a series of phrases with the same grammatical structure.įor example, avoid mixing noun phrases with verb phrases. The participants in the workshop learned about communicating, negotiating, and working collaboratively for the most effective outcome. The participants in the workshop learned how to communicate, negotiate, and work collaboratively for the most effective outcome. The participants in the workshop learned how to communicate, negotiate, and working collaboratively for the most effective outcome. For example, mixing an infinitive (a verb beginning with to) with a gerund (a verb form ending in -ing) breaks parallel structure. When a series is composed of verbs, do not mix forms. ![]() The company is looking for a candidate who is friendly, organized, meticulous, and punctual. The company is looking for a candidate who is friendly, organized, meticulous, and is going to arrive to work on time. On the word level, a noun should be grouped with other nouns, an adjective with other adjectives, and so on. These items are usually joined by commas or semicolons along with and or or. Use parallel construction when items in a series have an equal level of importance. It is also applied to headings and outlines in academic writing. Parallel construction is most commonly used in sentences containing elements that appear in a series or in a pair. Although lack of parallelism is not always strictly incorrect, sentences with parallel structure are easier to read and add a sense of balance to your writing. Maintaining parallel structure helps you avoid grammatically incorrect sentences and improves your writing style. ![]() I like jogging, baking, painting, and watching movies. I like to jog, bake, paint, and watch movies. I like to jog, bake, paint, and watching movies. In English grammar, parallelism (also called parallel structure or parallel construction) is the repetition of the same grammatical form in two or more parts of a sentence. Try for free Parallel Structure & Parallelism | Definition, Use & Examples Eliminate grammar errors and improve your writing with our free AI-powered grammar checker.
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